The Advancement of High-Resolution Light Field Displays in VR Systems

As near-eye displays continue to gain prominence as the future of portable devices, their ability to provide immersive virtual reality experiences is becoming increasingly evident. The primary focus in the development of these displays is to create not only immersive experiences but also to ensure visual comfort. However, achieving both objectives simultaneously poses challenges. While a larger field of view (FOV) enhances immersion, addressing the Vergence-Accommodation-Conflict (VAC) is crucial for comfortable vision. In recent times, researchers have explored innovative approaches to tackle these challenges, and a significant breakthrough has been the integration of light field technology into near-eye displays.

Earlier light field displays in virtual reality were hindered by their small size and low resolution, resulting in constrained viewing angles and screen window effects. Nevertheless, researchers have successfully overcome these limitations recently by utilizing a 3.1-inch 3k3k LC display, as highlighted in a paper published in the Journal of Optical Microsystems.

Material and Process Challenges

Although the transition to high-resolution LCD displays presented material and process challenges, the research emphasizes the importance of employing such displays to address light field resolution issues effectively. The authors elaborate on strategies to enhance LCD resolution, including aperture and contrast ratios through specialized pixel designs and driving techniques. This exploration of materials and processes provides valuable insights into overcoming the challenges faced in the development of high-resolution light field displays.

Novel Applications of Light Field Technology

In addition to its use in virtual reality displays, light field technology has found novel applications in vision correction for VR systems. By utilizing light field technology, both vision correction and the expansion of the eyebox are achieved, thereby elevating the overall virtual reality experience and enhancing user comfort. These applications open up new possibilities for the integration of light field technology in various aspects of the VR ecosystem.

The Optics of Light Field Virtual Reality

The paper investigates the optics of light field virtual reality, demonstrating the creation of elemental image (EI) arrays through a lens array and spatially multiplexed light field optics. This approach generates volumetric virtual images that accurately simulate proper eye accommodation, eliminating the need to address VAC. The authors focus on a recently developed INNOLUX LCD with impressive resolution and pixel density. By introducing a 15-degree tilt between panels, the binocular FOV is expanded, ensuring exceptional angular resolution. The Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) across the image field guarantees the faithful reproduction of high-quality images.

Another significant aspect explored in the paper is visual correction within the realm of light field VR. The authors introduce a ray tracing-based graphical process called “corrected eye box mapping,” which facilitates the correction of myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism. This procedure takes into account parameters like spherical power (SPH), cylinder power (CYL), and cylinder axis (AXIS) for comprehensive visual correction. The inclusion of visual correction capabilities expands the scope and potential of light field displays in VR systems.

The paper offers a comprehensive exploration of the development of high-resolution light field displays in VR systems. It encompasses advancements in display design, pixel architecture, and vision correction through the integration of light field technology. The research significantly contributes to the progression of light field displays, paving the way for enriched visual experiences within high-resolution VR systems. As near-eye displays continue to evolve, the integration of light field technology holds immense promise for the future of portable devices and immersive virtual reality experiences.